According to politicsezine.com, India is bordered by six countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Nepal, and Pakistan. Afghanistan is located in the northwest of India and shares a long border of nearly 2,400 km. The two countries have a history of cultural exchange and economic cooperation. In the northeast of India lies Bangladesh which has a shared border of more than 4,000 km. Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in South Asia and the relationship between India and Bangladesh has been historically strong. To the north of India lies Bhutan which has been an ally to India for many years. The two countries share a total border length of 699 km. To the north-east lies China which is one of India’s largest neighbors with a shared border length of more than 3,500 km. China and India have had a long-standing rivalry over borders and resources but have recently been working to improve their diplomatic ties. To the north-west lies Nepal which is one of India’s closest allies and has a shared border length of 1,751 km. The two countries have strong economic ties as well as cultural exchange between each other’s citizens. Lastly to the west lies Pakistan with whom India shares its longest border at more than 3,000 km long. Despite having some hostile relations in recent years due to disputes over borders, both countries are making efforts to improve diplomatic relations for better mutual understanding and cooperation.
Government of India
According to A2ZGOV, the Government of India is a federal union consisting of 28 states and 8 union territories. The government is headed by the Prime Minister, who is the head of the executive branch and is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the country. The President is the head of state and exercises limited powers. The bicameral Parliament consists of two houses, namely, Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and Lok Sabha (Lower House). The Rajya Sabha has 245 members, elected indirectly by state legislatures, while the Lok Sabha has 543 elected members.
The government’s primary responsibility is to provide for the security and welfare of citizens. It also formulates policies to ensure economic growth and development, as well as social justice. In order to achieve this goal, it implements various schemes such as Make in India, Digital India, Skill India and Start Up India initiatives. It also ensures that there are adequate funds available for infrastructure development, health care services and education.
The government also plays an important role in ensuring that citizens have access to basic human rights such as freedom of speech & expression, right to life & liberty etc., through various constitutional safeguards like fundamental rights & directive principles. Moreover, it promotes social harmony through affirmative action policies such as reservation for backward classes in educational institutions & public employment opportunities. Additionally it provides legal aid services to people from weaker sections & undertakes social welfare measures like providing free healthcare facilities or providing subsidies on essential commodities etc., in order to reduce poverty & inequality in society.
Recent Heads of Government of India
Narendra Modi is the current Prime Minister of India and has been in office since 2014. He is the leader of the Bhartiya Janata Party (BJP) and has been actively involved in Indian politics since 2001. He was Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014, before being elected as Prime Minister. During his tenure as Chief Minister, he focused on improving infrastructure and economic development in Gujarat. In 2014, he led his party to a landslide victory in the Lok Sabha elections and formed a majority government at the national level. During his term as Prime Minister, he has implemented several economic reforms such as demonetization, GST, Make in India and Digital India initiatives that have had a positive impact on India’s economy. He has also taken measures towards improving India’s security situation by taking strong actions against terrorism. Additionally, he has focused on improving diplomatic relations with other countries around the world and expanding India’s international outreach. In 2019, Modi secured another term as Prime Minister after leading BJP to another landslide victory in Lok Sabha elections.
Major Political Parties in India
India is a multi-party democracy, with two major political parties, the Indian National Congress (INC) and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The INC is the oldest political party in India and was founded in 1885. It is a centre-left party and has traditionally been associated with secularism and social liberalism. The INC has held power for most of India’s post-independence history and has had some of the country’s most prominent leaders, including Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi. The BJP is a right-wing Hindu nationalist party that was formed in 1980. It is currently the ruling party in India and its leader, Narendra Modi, has been Prime Minister since 2014. The BJP promotes conservative social policies such as opposing abortion rights, same sex marriage, and gender equality. They have also sought to promote Hindu nationalism by encouraging religious activities such as building temples across India. In addition to these two major parties, there are several other regional parties that play an important role in Indian politics. These include the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP), which focuses on fighting corruption; the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), which focuses on uplifting marginalized communities; and the Shiv Sena (SS), which seeks to protect Marathi identity in Maharashtra state. Each of these regional parties has its own agenda but generally support either INC or BJP candidates at election time.
