According to ehealthfacts.org, Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany is a federal state consisting of 16 states located in western Central Europe. It is bordered in the north by Denmark, in the west of France, Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands, in the south to Switzerland and Austria and in the east again to Austria and the Czech Republic and Poland. The capital is Berlin.
TIMELINE:
1457 – Chemical weapons. The clothing house in Berlin recommends the use of gas grenades with arsenic against enemies.
1864 – June 29. The Prussian-Austrian army sets over Alssund and conquers Als. That means the end of the 1864 war.
1886 – January 26. The German engineer Carl Benz is the first to receive a patent for a usable car, a three-wheeled, two-seater vehicle with a petrol engine.
1895 – Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the effects of X-rays on November 8.
1896 – UFO MYTH: Aleister Crowley was hiking in the mountains near Arolla, near Zermatt in the Swiss Alps, when he suddenly saw two small men. He gestured to them, but they did not seem to pay attention to him, and they disappeared between the stones.
1914 – July 5. Germany offered Austria-Hungary help in the fight against Russia and Serbia.
1914 – August 1. The German army invades Luxembourg and Germany declares war on Russia. World War I has begun. The German leaders in the army sincerely believed that the war would end before Christmas so that they could return to their family again.
1914 – August 3. Germany and Turkey signed a secret treaty. Italy declared itself neutral. Germany declared war on France.
1914 – August 4. Germany declared war on Belgium, and England declared war on the Germans. Albert I became Commander-in-Chief of the Belgian Army. Horatio Kitchener became English Minister of War.
1914 – August 6. Zeppelin attacked Liege in Belgium and 9 were killed. The next day, Liege was occupied by German troops.
1914 – August 23. Japan declares war on Germany during the First World Recorders g.
1914 – September. The German army pushed the English army out of Belgium and the German High Command believed that it was now only a matter of time before Paris was captured. But the English and French armies succeeded in stopping the advance of the German army at the Battle of the Marne River, and after three days of bloody battles at the Marne, the Germans withdrew on September 9, 1914. The battle had cost the Germans 900,000 men, while the English and French armies together lost over a million men.
1914 – September 23. The German city of Dusseldorf is the measure of the British first air attack during the First World War.
1917 – February 1. During World War I, Germany proclaims unrestricted submarine warfare, so that even neutral ships in certain zones will be sunk without warning. The purpose is a total blockade of England to force them to peace.
1917 – April 6. USA declares Germany war and thus enter into the First World War.
1918 – April 21. The German pilot from the First World War, Manfred von Richthoven, known as the Red Baron due to his red-painted double-decker aircraft, perishes during a voyage. In his career, he managed to shoot down 80 enemy aircraft.
1918 – November 12. The day after the end of World War I, Austria is declared an independent republic.
1923 – November 8. Adolf Hitler is trying to seize power in the so-called beer hall coup. At a political meeting at a pub in Munich, he declares “national revolution”, and the following day a firefight ensues in the streets. He is sentenced to five years in prison. He serves only one sentence and writes the book Mein Kampf here.
1925 – July 18. Adolf Hitler publishes the first volume of his book, Mein Kampf. The book calls for national revival and struggle against communists and Jews.
1925 – December 8. Adolf Hitler’s book “ Mein Kampf ” is published in Germany.
1928 – October 15. The German airship Graf Zeppelin flies its first voyage across the Atlantic in regular service.
1930 – September 14. The Nazi Party, the German National Socialist Party, is advancing strongly in the election and will be the second largest party in the Reichstag.
1933 – January 30. Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor by German President Paul von Hindenburg.
1933 – March 5. Adolf Hitler’s National Socialist Party NSDAP wins its biggest victory ever. It is the last German election in which all parties participate.
1933 – On March 20, less than two months after the Nazi takeover of Germany, the first concentration camp opens in an old munitions factory in Dachau, twenty kilometers outside Munich. The camp’s first commander is SS officer Theodor Eicke, who is notorious for his brutality. He organizes and plans the facility, which will be the model for the upcoming concentration camps.
1933 – May 10. German Nazi students burn at Opernplatz in Berlin books by ” political traitors ” and authors with ” non-German minds ” – preferably books by Jewish authors. It is the first of several public book burnings.
1934 – June 30. In ” The Night of the Long Knives ” in Germany, Adolf Hitler thoroughly cleanses his stormtroopers. 1,176 officers and privates are killed.
1933 – July 14. The Nazi party is now the only party in Germany – everyone else is banned.
1934 – August 2. Adolf Hitler appoints himself Germany’s Leader after President Hindenburg’s death.
1935 – May 17. Hitler reintroduces conscription in direct violation of the 1920 Treaty of Versailles. German armaments are under way.
1936 – March 4. The world’s largest zeppelin, Hindenburg LZ 129, is being tested for the first time. It will be deployed on a scheduled service between Frankfurt and New York, with a crew of 40 to 50 passengers. The top speed is 135 km / h.
1936 – March 29. In a referendum, the German people approve with an overwhelming majority Chancellor Adolf Hitler’s policy.
1938 – February 4. Chancellor Adolf Hitler appoints himself Minister of War and makes Joachim von Ribbentrop Minister of Foreign Affairs.
1938 – March 12. German troops enter Austria, fulfilling Adolf Hitler’s dream of reuniting his homeland with the Third Reich.
1938 – November 9. On the so-called Crystal Night in Germany, over 250 Jewish synagogues are burned down by the Nazis. Jewish shops and cemeteries are destroyed and more than 100 people killed.
1939 – April 5. German parents are ordered to let their 10-13-year-old children join the Hitler Jugend.
1939 – August 24. The Soviet Union and Nazi Germany sign a 10-year non-aggression pact.
1939 – September 1. Early in the morning, German troops cross Poland’s borders. World War II has begun.
1939 – September 3. England and France declare war on Germany. The reason is an unanswered ultimatum to Germany, which has invaded Poland.
1939 – September 28. Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union agree on a plan to divide Poland.
1939 – October 8. Poland is incorporated into the German Empire.
1940 – May 10. The German Armed Forces invade the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Belgium.
1941 – May 10. Hitler’s deputy Rudolf Hess flies to Scotland on his own initiative, apparently in an attempt to negotiate a peace deal. He gets jailed after jumping out with a parachute.
1941 – August 30. The German Armed Forces are besieging Leningrad in Russia – an underestimated project that will last for 1,000 days.
1941 – September 1. In future, all Jews over the age of six in Germany and certain German-occupied countries will wear a yellow Star of David on their clothes when traveling in public.
1941 – October 3. Adolf Hitler declares from Berlin that the Soviet Union is crushed and will never rise again.
1943 – April 7. The substance LSD is first produced in a laboratory in Switzerland.
1944 – July 20. A group of German officers attempt an assassination attempt on Chancellor Adolf Hitler. It fails and more than 200 are arrested and executed. Read more here.
1944 – August 1. The 13-year-old Anne Frank writes for the last time in her diary, which she has kept for two years, while she and her family have lived in hiding from the Nazis in Amsterdam in the Netherlands. Three days later, they are discovered and interned, and Anne dies at the age of 15 in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp.
1945 – February 13. The Allies launch a three-day air strike on the German city of Dresden. The city is razed to the ground and 200,000 people perish.
1945 – March 19. Adolf Hitler issues his last so-called Driver’s Order. He orders the implementation of the “policy of the burnt earth ” and destroys all facilities and values on German soil so that they do not fall into the hands of the enemy. The leader shows up on the ground for the last time the same day, to present awards to a group of fighting boys in the Hitler Youth.
1945 – April 20. Soviet forces invade Berlin.
1945 – April 29. Hitler marries Eva Braun in his driver’s bunker under Berlin. The couple commits suicide the following day.
1945 – April 30. The newlywed Hitler commits suicide with his wife Eva Braun in the driver’s bunker under the besieged Berlin.
1945 – May 1. Hamburg Radio officially announces that Adolf Hitler has died in Berlin, that Joseph Goebbels has committed suicide and that the German headquarters in Italy have surrendered unconditionally.
1945 – May 2. Berlin surrenders to the Red Army. British forces conquer Lübeck, while Soviet forces conquer Rostock and Warnemünde.
1945 – May 3. The Allied troops move into Hamburg.
1945 – May 7. Germany signs its unconditional capitulation in Reims, France. With effect from the following morning at 8 World War II ends in Europe.
1945 – May 8. At 8 o’clock in the morning, World War II is officially over in Europe. Germany has unconditionally capitulated.
1945 – June 5. Germany is divided into a French, British, American and a Russian zone.
1945 – October 18. The first preliminary hearing will take place at the war crimes tribunal in Nuremberg, occupied Germany.
1945 – November 20. The war crimes tribunal in Nuremberg begins the trial against 24 top Nazis.
1946 – September 30. 22 top Nazis are found guilty of war crimes by the court in Nuremberg. The 11 are sentenced to death.
1946 – October 16. At 1.11 at night, 10 top Nazis are executed by hanging in Nuremberg. Hermann Göring, former head of the Luftwaffe, has killed himself a few hours earlier with a poison ampoule, but his body is also hung up on the gallows for photography after the executions.
1948 – June 21. West Germany introduces its new currency, the Deutsche Mark (D-Mark), as a replacement for the Reichmark. A few days later, East Germany introduces its own Mark.
1961 – August 13. The border crossing at the Brandenburg Gate in Berlin is cordoned off by East German police and the military. A few days later, the construction of the actual Berlin Wall begins, which until 1989 keeps East and West sharply separated.
1962 – August 17. The one-year-old Berlin Wall demands its first death. An 18-year-old man is shot by border guards during his escape attempt over the wall.
1963 – June 26. US President Kennedy is visiting West Berlin. He gives a public speech at the Wall and concludes with the words: “ Ich bin ein Berliner! “.
1964 – October 5. 57 people are fleeing through a tunnel they have dug under the Berlin Wall. It is the largest escape so far from East Berlin since the wall was built.
1966 – September 30. At midnight, German war criminals Albert Speer and Baldur von Schirach were released from the Spandau prison in Berlin after serving exactly 20 years. The prison, which was built for 600 prisoners, now has only one left, Rudolf Hess.
1974 – October 9. Oskar Schindler dies in West Germany, aged 66. During World War II, he saved 1,300 Polish Jews from extermination by employing them at his factory. Steven Spielberg’s film, Schindler’s List, is a dramatization of this story.
1978 – December 1. The world’s longest 14 km tunnel opens between Arlberg and Tyrol in Austria.
1987 – August 17. Rudolf Hess, Hitler’s deputy during World War II, commits suicide in his cell by hanging himself on an electric wire. He has been in the Spandau prison for the past 40 years.
1989 – November 9. The Berlin Wall is falling ! Following the announcement that permission will be granted for free exit of the country, East Berlin flows in the evening to the border crossings, where the border guards give up regulating the passage. The borders are open, and the demolition of the Wall will begin the very next day.
1989 – November 10. The East German government officially declares the border from East to West Berlin open.
1990 – February 19. The East German authorities are beginning to systematically tear down the Berlin Wall.
1990 – August 23. After a 24-hour debate, the East German People’s Chamber decides to dissolve the GDR as an independent state and from 3 October to incorporate the country into West Germany.
1991 – June 20. The reunited German parliament decides to make Berlin the country’s capital and home to the Bundestag and government.
1994 – September 6. The American flag is being flown for the last time over the US Army headquarters in Berlin. The U.S. presence has formally ended after nearly half a century in the formerly divided city.
1994 – October 5. 48 people are found dead in two Swiss villages, apparently after collective suicide. They all belonged to the religious sect of the Sun Temple.
2002 – April 25. A 19-year-old former student goes on a rampage at a high school in the German city of Erfurt (formerly the GDR ). He shoots and kills 17 teachers and students before taking his own life.
2003 – October 4. Boxer Mads Larsen wins the World Championship belt in super middleweight at a competition in Germany. He wins on points over the reigning champion, German Danilo Häussler.
Paleontology. In Germany, British researchers from Bristol University have found a petrified claw the size of a smaller car. The claw alone was 46 cm long, and this suggests that the prehistoric scorpion was much larger than a human and measured approx. 2.5 meters. It is about half a meter longer than any previous find of the species. The claw, which was found in a quarry near Prüm, is between 255 and 460 million. years old and descended from a sea scorpion. The discovery of the giant claw is startling, as it suggests that prehistoric scorpions, insects, crabs and spiders were significantly larger than previously thought. ( Ill. Vid. 9/2008 )
